Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

6. Fair Value Measurements

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


			Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
Description	December 31, 2023		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and money market funds	$	139,526	$	139,526	$	—	$	—
Total	$	139,526	$	139,526	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Warrant liabilities	$	61,747	$	—	$	—	$	61,747
Total	$	61,747	$	—	$	—	$	61,747


			Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
Description	December 31, 2022		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and money market funds	$	167,467	$	167,467	$	—	$	—
Corporate debt securities - due in one year or less		22,320		—		22,320	—
Commercial paper		2,491		—		2,491		—
Municipal bonds		6,038		—		6,038		—
US Treasury obligation - due in one year or less		3,988		3,988		—		—
Total	$	202,304	$	171,455	$	30,849	$	—
Liabilities:
Warrant liabilities	$	24,472	$	—	$	—	$	24,472
Total	$	24,472	$	—	$	—	$	24,472

Assumptions Used in Determining Fair Value of Warrants

The Company issued the 2022 Warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 13,813,912 shares of common stock in connection with the 2022 Private Placement (see Note 12) and the 2020 Warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 282,809 shares of common stock in connection with a private placement in December 2020 (see Note 12). The Company accounted for the 2022 Warrants and 2020 Warrants as liabilities. The Company recorded the fair value of these warrants upon issuance using the Black-Scholes valuation model and is required to revalue these warrants at each reporting date with any changes in fair value recorded on our statement of operations. The valuation of the 2022 Warrants and 2020 Warrants is considered under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and influenced by the fair value of the underlying common stock of the Company.

A summary of the Black Scholes pricing model assumptions used to record the fair value of the warrants is as follows:


	December 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Stock price	$	7.79		$	3.59
Average risk-free interest rate		3.96	%		4.02	%
Average expected life (in years)		3.67			4.67
Average expected volatility		87.63	%		86.79	%

Changes in Level 3 Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table reflects the change in the Company’s Level 3 Warrant liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Fair value of warrant liabilities as of beginning of year	$	24,472	$	3,029
Warrants issued in connection with 2022 Private Placement		—		64,664
Change in fair value		37,275		(43,221	)
Fair value of warrant liabilities as of end of year	$	61,747	$	24,472